Discrete Chi-square Method can model and forecast El Niño

Here, we show that our Discrete Chi-square Method (DCM) can model and forecast the El Niño phenomenon between theyears 1870 and 2024. This result may be the “holy grail” of climatology. The solar forcing most probably causes the detected5.850 ± 0.085, 12.82 ± 0.40 and 19.30 ± 0.83 year signals. These strict periodicities indicate that the solar cycle is caused by theplanets. Our results confirm that the DCM is an ideal time series analysis method for detecting an unknown number of signalssuperimposed on an unkown trend.