Dataset on red blood cell alloimmunization in transfusion-dependent hemoglobinopathy patients (Italy, 2001–2025)

This dataset contains anonymized clinical and immunohematological data from transfusion-dependent patients with hemoglobinopathies followed at a specialized referral center between 2001 and 2025. The dataset includes demographic variables (age, sex), hemoglobinopathy type, ABO and Rh blood group, extended red blood cell phenotype, transfusion history, pregnancy history, splenectomy status, results of the indirect antiglobulin test, and detailed characterization of detected red blood cell alloantibodies, including antibody specificity, number, and evidence of antibody evanescence. The data were collected retrospectively as part of a study investigating the incidence, immunohematological patterns, and risk factors for red blood cell alloimmunization in patients with hemoglobinopathies. All data are fully anonymized and provided for research and educational purposes. The dataset may be used to support studies on alloimmunization mechanisms, antigen matching strategies, and transfusion management in hemoglobinopathy patients.