Nemesia socohina Rafael & Molero-Baltanás, 2026, n. sp.

Nemesia socohina n. sp. (Figs 4C; 5C; 6E, F; 7E, F; 8B, E) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 34031BC0-3CD9-4EE6-A1A6-BC79ADEAF58B TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Spain • ♂; Guadalcázar, Córdoba; 37°44’2”N, 4°57’32”W; Alt.: 170 m, 12.III.2022; MNCN 20.02/41858. Paratype. Spain • ♀; Guadalcázar, Córdoba; 37°44’2”N, 4°57’32”W; Alt.: 170 m; 27.VI.2021; MNCN 20.02/41859. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Spain • ♀; Guadalcázar, Córdoba; 2.V.2021; Coll. CPP- 0122 • ♀; Guadalcázar, Córdoba; 37°44’2”N, 4°57’32”W; Alt.: 170 m; 27.VI.2021; Coll. CPP- 0129 • ♀; Guadalcázar, Córdoba; 37°44’2”N, 4°57’32”W; Alt.: 170 m; 2.V.2021; Coll. CPP- 0141 • ♀; Guadalcázar, Córdoba; 37°44’2”N, 4°57’32”W; Alt.: 170 m; 12.III.2022; Coll. CPP- 0291 • ♂; Guadalcázar, Córdoba; 37°44’2”N, 4°57’32”W; Alt.: 170 m; 18.X.2022; Coll. CPP- 0333 • ♂; Guadalcázar, 12.III.2022; Coll. CPP- 0386 • ♂; Guadalcázar, Córdoba; 37°44’2”N, 4°57’32”W; Alt.: 170 m; 12.III.2022; Coll. CPP- 0387 • ♂; Guadalcázar, Córdoba; 37°44’2”N, 4°57’32”W; Alt.: 170 m; 12.III.2022; Coll. CPP- 0388 • ♂; Guadalcázar, Córdoba; 37°44’2”N, 4°57’32”W; Alt.: 170 m; 12.III.2022; Coll. CPP- 0390. ETYMOLOGY. — The word “socohina ” is a name in apposition that comes from the abbreviation of “Sociedad Cordobesa de Historia Natural”. This species was found in the course of a bioblitz carried out in Guadalcázar (Córdoba province), with the intention of promoting the natural value of this area and preventing the construction of a thermosolar plant. DIAGNOSIS. — Males of N. socohina n. sp. bear bulbs that resemble those of N. eira n. sp., but with a longer distal part (Fig. 4D 1), as well as being narrower and more conical (Fig. 4D 2) in comparison to the bulbs of N. gajui n. sp. Females of N. socohina n. sp. have large spermathecae, similar to those of N. eira n. sp., but with notable differences. These include the presence of a division between the medial and distal part of receptacles and the distribution of soft tissue, which covers the whole receptacle in N. socohina n. sp. but not the interior area of the proximal and medial part in N. eira n. sp. In addition, the general distribution of patellar spines in females is different to that observed in other species: N. socohina n. sp. lacks spines on patellae III, which are present in all the related species treated herein. Other differences between N. socohina n. sp. and N. eira n. sp. include overall colouration – dark brown or black in N.sochohina n. sp. and yellowish in N. eira n. sp. – as well as burrow structure. Straight vertical entrance with a wide bottom fitted burrow with a long and skinny side blind-ending branch (Fig. 8B, E), whereas N. eira n. sp. digs a typical branched burrow (Fig. 8A, C). DESCRIPTION Holotype: MNCN 20.02 /41858 Male General appearance. Live specimens beige with a poorly visible dark medal-shaped mark on middle of prosoma (Fig. 7f). Preserved specimens with brownish prosoma covered by whitish pubescence and central mark more visible. Opisthosoma pale brown with dorsal cardiac mark and four chevrons. Prosoma. Clypeus black with white pubescence and six bristles. POP black, covering whole eye group. Caput low. Crest zone brown with three bristles. Chelicerae dark brown with two dorsal stripes of whitish pubescence. Cheliceral rastellum with four strong bristles (sometimes five). Fang keel smooth. Cheliceral furrow with six promarginal denticles. Sternum brown with ovoid dark brown or black sigillae, arranged as described for previous species. Maxillae, labium and coxae dark brown or black. Palp and legs I-IV. Cymbium dorsal patch with 23-25 spines. Bulb globular, embolus slim and elongated with a duckbill-shaped end (Fig. 4C). Palp tibia ratio 2.14±0.17. Apical dorsal patch with 7-11 spines. Clasper hook slightly curved. Clasper field with scopula. Metatarsus I straight. Femora of palp and legs dark, dark brown to grey, with white pubescence, and distal segments brownish yellow. Prolateral side of femora of anterior legs and retrolateral side of femora of posterior legs with maculae. Scopula on metatarsi and tarsi of first two pairs of legs. MTF4 ratio: tibia> metatarsus> femur, but in some specimens, tibia> metatarsus> femur. Spines, Palp. Cym= 23:25 (18-23-26-27-30-33:21-23-25- 30-35), Patch= 11:7 (8-9-10-11:7-8-9-11-19); prolateral side, Pa= 1:1 (1:2); Leg I: prolateral side, Pa= 2:2, Ti= 3:2 (1-2:2), Met= 0:1 (1-2:1); retrolateral side Pa= 1:1 (0-1:0- 2), Ti= 1:2 (2-3:1-3), Met= 0:1 (0:0); Leg II: prolateral side, P= 2:2 (1:1), Ti= 3:3 (2:2), Met= 3:1 (1-2:1); retrolateral side, Ti= 3:3 (1-2:1-2), Met= 1:1 (0-2:1); Leg III: prolateral side, Pa= 2:2, Ti= 3:3 (3:2-4), Met= 4:3 (3-4:2-3-4), Ta= 0:0 (1:0); retrolateral side, Pa= 1:1, Ti= 3:3 (2:2), Met= 3:3; Leg IV: prolateral side, Pa= 2:2 (1:2), Ti= 6:6 (4-5-7:4-5- 7), Met= 3:3 (4:3); retrolateral side, Pa= 1:3 (1:1), Ti= 4:4 (3:3), Met= 3:3. Opisthosoma. Epiandrous fusillae: 38 trapezoidal; epiandrous area of 0.5 mm 2; density: 76 epiandrous fusillae/mm2. In other males, epiandrous fusillae: 41±4; epiandrous area: 0.51± 0.09 mm 2; density: 81.17±11.45 epiandrous fusillae/ mm2. Spinnerets: PLS: proximal segment as long as middle and distal segments together. PMS cone-shaped. Measurements (n = 6). Bl= 12.39 (10.6-12.87); Prosoma. Ca= 3.52 (3.23-3.67); CL= 6.13 (5.45-6.31); CW= 4.85 (4.46-5.01); Ch= 1.66 (1.62-2.05); Th= 1.4 (1.29-1.89); Cly= 0.11 (0.11-0.17); AER= 1.06 (1.05-1.12); PER= 1.09 (1.09-1.17); ALE= 0.33 (0.32-0.36); PLE= 0.26 (0.23- 0.29); AME= 0.18 (0.13-0.2); PME= 0.2 (0.18-0.25); w= 0.59 (0.53-0.62); mal= 1.79 (1.72-1.91); maw= 1.02 (0.9-1.08); lal= 0.37 (0.35-0.49); law= 0.98 (0.87-1); stl= 2.93 (2.8-3.1); stw= 2.26 (2.2-2.47); Palp: E1= 0.48 (0.36- 0.49); E2= 0.17 (0.15-0.19); E3= 0.33 (0.3-0.38); Bu= 1.3 (1.28-1.45); Em= 0.7 (0.62-0.7)M Tiw= 1.08 (1.04-1.21); Cyl= 1.1 (0.98-1.33); Til= 2.33 (2.11-2.62); Pal= 1.66 (1.47-1.76); Fel= 2.87 (2.79-3.19); TOTAL= 7.96 (7.42- 8.9); Leg I: TiIw= (0-0); Tal= 2.32 (2.18-2.6); Mel= 3.38 (3.12-3.55); Til= 3.46 (2.1-3.6); Pal= 2.99 (2.67-3.06); Fel= 5.01 (4.43-5.35); TOTAL= 17.16 (14.5-17.97); Leg II: Tal= 2.13 (2.1-2.39); Mel= 3.33 (2.84-3.35); Til= 3.07 (3-3.35); Pal= 2.65 (2.3-2.82); Fel= 4.77 (4.06-4.8); TOTAL= 15.95 (14.31-16.58); Leg III: Tal= 2.24 (2.24-2.56); Mel= 4.11 (3.6-4.17); Til= 3.23 (2.7-3.32); Pal= 2.04 (1.82-2.35); Fel= 4.04 (3.8-4.38); TOTAL= 15.66 (14.37-16.49); Leg IV:Tal= 2.79 (2.56-2.96); Mel= 5.28 (4.88-5.35); Til= 5.39 (5.14- 5.8); Pal= 2.89 (2.52-3.14); Fel= 5.2 (4.81-5.44); TOTAL= 21.55 (19.91-22.54). Paratype: MNCN 20.02/41859 Female General appearance. Live specimens dark brown or grey with dark medal-shaped mark on prosoma and a brown opisthosoma with indistinguishable dark dorsal pattern (Fig. 7E). Dark pattern on body more visible when preserved in alcohol. Prosoma. Clypeus brown with six bristles. POP in three dots over lateral and middle eyes. Caput elevated. Crest zone dark brown with seven bristles. Chelicerae dark brown with two stripes of sparse white pilosity. Cheliceral rastellum with six strong bristles (four in another specimen). Fang ridge smooth. Cheliceral furrow teeth with six promarginal denticles, five in some specimens. Sternum yellowish-brown with ovoid dark brown sigillae, arranged as described before.Maxillae yellowish-brown bearing three and four cuspules, two to five in other specimens. Labium and coxae yellowish-brown (Fig. 6D). Palp and legs I-IV. Brown and ventrally covered by scopulae. MTF4 ratio: tibia> femur> metatarsus. Spines. Palp: prolateral side, Pa= 1:2 (2:1), Ti= 2:1 (2:2); Leg I: prolateral side, Pa= 1:1, Ti= 0:0 (1-2:1-2); Leg II: prolateral side, Pa= 2:1 (2:2), Ti= 1:2 (2:2); Leg III: prolateral side, Met= 3:2 (2:2-3); retrolateral side, Ti= 2:2, Met= 3:3 (0:0); Leg IV: prolateral side, Met= 0:1 (1-2:1-2); retrolateral side, Ti= 2:2, Met= 3:3. Opisthosoma. Spinnerets: PLS: proximal segment as long as middle and distal segments together. PMS: digitiform. Spermatheca: elongated, bag-shaped with a middle division. (Fig. 5C). Measurements (n = 5). Bl= 22 (16.7-22); Prosoma. Ca= 4.65 (4.56-5.01); CL= 7.98 (7.6-8.08); CW= 6.24 (5.88- 6.85); Ch= 2.86 (2.68-3.24); Th= 1.78 (1.4-2.16); Cly= 0.27 (0.23-0.38); AER= 1.45 (1.31-1.45); PER= 1.46 (1.34-1.49); ALE= 0.41 (0.36-0.41); PLE= 0.34 (0.3-0.4); AME= 0.21 (0.19-0.24); PME= 0.25 (0.22-0.27); w= 0.76 (0.67-0.77); mal= 2.86 (2.64-3.05); maw= 1.73 (1.65-1.73); lal= 0.84 (0.76-0.89); law= 1.42 (1.36-1.56); stl= 4.37 (4.23-4.58); stw= 3.39 (3.16-3.39); Tal= 2.58 (2.47-2.75); Palp:Til= 2.53 (2.4-2.75); Pal= 2.41 (2.21-2.41); Fel= 4.17 (3.42-4.17); TOTAL= 11.69 (10.5-11.71); Leg I: Tal= 1.73 (1.63-1.93); Mel= 2.86 (2.75-3.09); Til= 3.62 (2.64-3.65); Pal= 3.73 (3.41- 3.73); Fel= 5.48 (4.9-5.71); TOTAL= 17.42 (15.92-17.9); Leg II: Tal= 1.74 (1.66-2.02); Mel= 2.76 (2.36-2.92); Til= 2.92 (2.92-3.26); Pal= 3.43 (2.96-3.43); Fel= 4.92 (4.25-5.19); TOTAL= 15.77 (14.62-16.2); Leg III: Tal= 1.94 (1.8-1.94); Mel= 2.7 (2.7-3.23); Til= 2.29 (2.28-2.64); Pal= 3.14 (2.76- 3.14); Fel= 4.35 (3.81-4.35); TOTAL= 14.42 (13.62-14.91); Leg IV: Tal= 2.12 (2.09-2.33); Mel= 4.84 (4.39-4.86); Til= 5.77 (5.36-5.97); Pal= 3.57 (3.57-4.23); Fel= 5.4 (4.84-5.56); TOTAL= 21.7 (20.49-22.34). NATURAL HISTORY The species was found on the slopes of a private property in Guadalcázar (Córdoba province), with a habitat similar to that of the two new species described above. In this environment, these spiders dig a distinctive burrow that, to date, had not been described for any species of Nemesia. The burrow consists of two interconnected galleries that meet at the deepest point in a spacious chamber. One gallery extends to the surface, forming the entrance, while the other is a blind-ending branch that gradually narrows towards its end. This chamber serves as a site for the spider to accumulate prey remains and moulting. This species blocks the entrance of its burrow using the trapdoor and the silk covering of the initial section of the burrow, similar