Potential of decentralized heat pumps for buildings in Germany

Introduction A consistent dataset of estimated maximum achievable heating capacities with decentralized heat pumps that exploit the available environmental heat sources of air or ground at building level, for both residential and non-residential buildings. The analysis for air source heat pumps accounts for the space availability around the building and noise immissions due to the heat pump considering the noise immission guideline limits. The analysis for ground source heat pumps takes into account property area available around the building and the average heat exchange rate with the ground.