MOGROSIDES FROM MONK FRUIT: NATURAL SWEETENING COMPOUNDS WITH THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL

Mogrosides are a group of naturally occurring cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides isolated from Siraitia grosvenorii (monk fruit), widely recognized for their intense sweetness and negligible caloric value. Beyond their application as natural sweeteners, mogrosides have attracted growing scientific interest due to their diverse therapeutic properties. Experimental studies have demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, and anticancer activities, suggesting their potential role in the prevention and management of metabolic and chronic diseases. Mogrosides, particularly mogroside V, exhibit favourable safety profiles and do not induce glycemic spikes, making them suitable alternatives for individuals with diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Additionally, emerging evidence indicates their modulatory effects on oxidative stress pathways, inflammatory mediators, and glucose and lipid metabolism. This review summarizes the phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic prospects of mogrosides, highlighting their potential as functional food ingredients and promising candidates for future nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications.