Challenges and Opportunities of Adopting Smart Technologies in Smallholder Agroforestry

Agroforestry systems, which combine trees with crops and animals, are critical for increasing farm resilience, biodiversity, and smallholder farmers' livelihoods. With the growing consequences of climate change, land degradation, and resource constraint, smart agriculture technologies provide new potential to increase agroforestry production and sustainability. Remote sensing, smartphone apps, Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, and decision support systems are all digital tools that may help farmers manage complicated agroforestry systems more effectively. However, smallholder use of these technologies is still restricted due to economic, technical, and social obstacles. This article addresses the major problems and potential related with the use of smart technology in smallholder agroforestry systems, as well as approaches for promoting inclusive and sustainable digital transformation.