Phytochemical Screening and Study of Anti Arthritic Activity of Crinum Asiaticum

Crinum asiaticum has been used in traditional medicine for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, however there is no proof that it may treat arthritis. The objective of this study was to identify the bioactive ingredients in C. asiaticum leaf extracts and evaluate their analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. For extraction, the leaves of C. asiaticum were submerged in petroleum ether, chloroform, and methanol in a certain sequence. Male albino rats weighing 150–200 g were utilized in a carrageenan-induced paw edema model to assess the anti-arthritic and antinociceptive effects. Activity-guided dry column chromatography was used to separate the chloroform extract. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and phytochemical screening were then used to analyze the resultant fractions. After determining the pain threshold using an analgesy meter, statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA and Dunnett's test. The chloroform extract outperformed indomethacin in terms of maximum effectiveness, while both the methanol and chloroform extracts exhibited robust antinociceptive effects at 250 mg/kg. There was no impact from the petroleum ether extract. Using activity-guided fractionation, two fractions (F4 and F5) with significant analgesic effectiveness were extracted from the chloroform extract. Phytochemical analysis of these fractions revealed the presence of triterpenes, glycosides, coumarins, alkaloids, and flavonoids that have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. According to the study, when C. asiaticum is extracted in methanol or chloroform, a variety of bioactive compounds that it contains combine to reduce pain and arthritis. In addition to providing support for the long-standing use of C. asiaticum to reduce pain and inflammation, this study establishes the foundation for next mechanistic studies and isolation initiatives targeted at developing novel anti-arthritic drugs.