MedBot: Autonomous Patient Nursing Robot with Vital Monitoring and Smart Delivery System

The increasing demand for efficient healthcare services and continuous patient monitoring has motivated the development of intelligent robotic assistance systems. This paper presents \textit{MedBot}, an autonomous patient nursing robot designed to support hospital operations through smart delivery and real-time vital monitoring. The proposed system automates the delivery of medicine and food using line-following navigation guided by infrared sensors and ward identification through RFID technology. Upon detecting the designated ward, the robot autonomously stops and alerts patients or medical staff using an audible buzzer. In addition to delivery functionality, MedBot provides continuous patient health monitoring. A MAX30102 sensor is integrated to measure the patient’s heart rate, while an ESP32 camera module enables live video streaming for remote monitoring by doctors and caregivers. The ESP32 microcontroller serves as the central processing unit, coordinating navigation, sensing, communication, and alert mechanisms. Experimental evaluation demonstrates reliable autonomous navigation, accurate vital sign measurement, and real-time visual monitoring. By combining autonomous mobility, patient monitoring, and smart alerting, the proposed system aims to reduce healthcare staff workload, improve operational efficiency, and enhance patient safety in hospital environments.