The Tetrahedral Generation Hypothesis Deriving the 3+1 Flavor Structure and Chiral Asymmetry from the FCC Lattice
Abstract
The origin of the three fermion generations and the chiral nature of the weak interaction are central puzzles of the Standard Model. In this research note, we propose a geometric solution based on the spectral analysis of the Selection-Stitch Model (SSM) vacuum (K = 12 FCC Lattice). We demonstrate that the naive Dirac operator on the FCC lattice possesses exactly 4 isolated zero modes in the interior of the Brillouin Zone, located at the L-points (k= ±π/2,...). These four modes form a reducible permutation representation of the tetrahedral group S4, which naturally decomposes into a singlet (1) and a triplet (3). Furthermore, we calculate the chirality of these modes and find that the L-point triplet is inherently Left- Handed (χ=−1), while the fundamental vacuum mode at Γ is Right-Handed (χ= +1). We show that a momentum-dependent coupling to the vacuum condensate splits the L- point quartet into a heavy singlet and a light triplet. This mechanism provides a rigorous geometric origin for the "3 active + 1 sterile" pattern observed in nature and explains why the three generations participate in the weak interaction as left-handed doublets.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications
Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 15 February 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Preprint