Statistically Significant Clustering in Binary Black Hole Mass Ratios at 4:3, 3:2, and φ

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Authors: Cynthia Steger
Cited by: 0

Abstract

What notes are black holes singing? Mapping ringdown frequencies of 69 LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave events to musical notes reveals apparent harmonic structure — but null-hypothesis testing kills the musical framing. What survives is more significant: binary black hole mass ratios cluster at 4:3 (perfect fourth), 3:2 (perfect fifth), and φ (golden ratio) at three to four times the rate expected from independent random pairing. Combined significance: p < 0.0001, surviving Bonferroni correction across three pre-specified ratio bins. Sensitivity analysis confirms the φ-signal persists at tighter windows (±0.05, p = 0.003). The null model assumes independent mass draws; future work should test against binary population synthesis models. Whether this clustering reflects astrophysical formation bias, dynamical selection, or deeper harmonic organization remains open. The paper presents both the creative hypothesis that initiated the investigation and the rigorous statistical testing that separated metaphor from evidence. Complete data, simulation code, and sensitivity analyses included.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations Galaxies: Formation Evolution Phenomena

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
15 February 2026
Language
EN
Document type
Preprint