Impact of BIM Enabling Environment on BIM Institutional Infrastructure and Maturity Level in a Developing Economy: The Case of Kuwait

A research paper that investigates the digital transformation of the construction industry in Kuwait, specifically focusing on what drives Building Information Modelling (BIM) maturity. Using data from 92 AEC professionals and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), the study reveals that high BIM maturity is not achieved through technology alone. Instead, it requires a dual-layered approach: a strong "Enabling Environment" (national standards, digital infrastructure, and training) must be paired with robust "Institutional Infrastructure" (internal leadership, governance, and formal policies). Crucially, the research identifies internal organizational readiness as the essential bridge that translates external opportunities into measurable digital performance, providing a strategic roadmap for policymakers and firm executives in emerging economies.