Enviromental Factors Influincing Sandfly (Diptera phlebotomus) Ecology in Eastern Uttar Pradesh

Sandflies are important vectors of visceral leishmaniasis and their ecology is strongly influenced by environmental micro-climatic factors. Understanding sandfly ecology is essential for effective vector control, particularly in endemic region of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, the present study aimed to investigate the species composition, seasonal abundance and ecological determinants of Sandfly population in selected endemic areas. Sandfly were collected using standard entomological methods over different seasons, environmental parameters such as temperature, Humidity, Rainfall, and Habitat characteristics were recorded. The results showed a predominance of vector species with marked seasonal fluctuation, exhibiting higher abundance during warm and humid periods. Sandfly density was significantly associated with specific microhabitats, including cattle sheds and poorly constructed houses. These findings highlight the strong influences of environmental factors on Sandfly ecology. The study provides valuable insights for planning targeted vectors control and strengthening visceral leishmaniasis prevention strategies in endemic areas.