IDEAS OF ENLIGHTENMENT AND PROGRESS IN JADID LITERATURE

This article scientifically examines the formation, development, and artistic representation of the ideas of enlightenment and progress in Jadid literature. The socio-cultural transformations that took place in Turkestan in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries created the foundation for the emergence of the Jadid movement. Jadid literature promoted national awakening, modern education, science, free thinking, national identity, and social progress. The article analyzes the artistic interpretation of enlightenment and progress through the works of Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiy, Abdulla Avloniy, Abdurauf Fitrat, and Abdulhamid Cho‘lpon. The findings demonstrate that Jadid literature played a crucial role in shaping national consciousness, developing independent thinking, and forming the ideological foundations of modern Uzbekistan’s spiritual development.