Re-envisioning Teacher Education in India: Philosophical Foundations, Curriculum Structures, Pedagogical Models, and Institutional Frameworks across Pre-service and In-service Domains

Title Re-envisioning Teacher Education in India: Philosophical Foundations, Curriculum Structures, Pedagogical Models, and Institutional Frameworks across Pre-service and In-service Domains Description (Author + Affiliation + Publication Details) This scholarly article is authored by Mr. Ganesh Shrirang Nale (Satarkar), Department of Sociology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh – 123031, Haryana, India. The paper presents a comprehensive and critical examination of teacher education in India, focusing on its philosophical foundations, curriculum organization, pedagogical approaches, professional knowledge base, and institutional mechanisms across pre-service and in-service domains. The study integrates theoretical insights from Lee Shulman, Deng and Luke, and Jürgen Habermas with national policy frameworks developed by NCERT and NCTE. It systematically analyzes teacher education models such as Behaviouristic, Competency-Based, and Inquiry-Oriented models, while also emphasizing reflective teaching, transactional approaches, and continuous professional development. The article is published in the Journal of Xidian University, Volume 20, Issue 2, 2026, ISSN No: 1001-2400, and contributes significantly to contemporary debates on professionalizing teacher education in India. Keywords and Subjects (In Paragraph Form) This paper engages with core themes including teacher education, pre-service education, in-service teacher education, reflective teaching, pedagogical content knowledge, curriculum frameworks, competency-based education, inquiry-oriented models, professional development, educational policy, NCERT and NCTE frameworks, and teacher professionalism. The subject area broadly falls within Teacher Education, Educational Sociology, Curriculum Studies, Educational Policy Analysis, and Professional Development Studies. It also intersects with philosophy of education, sociology of education, and educational reform discourse in India. Publishing Information Details Journal Name: Journal of Xidian University ISSN: 1001-2400 Volume: 20 Issue: 2 Year of Publication: 2026 Page Range: 1–14 Publisher: Journal of Xidian University Author: Mr. Ganesh Shrirang Nale (Satarkar) Affiliation: Department of Sociology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India Email: ganeshnale0@gmail.com