FELEM - Scientific Reports - Code

This software implements the Finite Element Limit Equilibrium Method (FELEM) coupled with a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for slope stability analysis. The approach integrates stress states computed by the finite element method with a limit equilibrium formulation applied along predefined polygonal slip surfaces. The geometry of trial slip surfaces is controlled by an 8-parameter vector and optimized using a swarm-based metaheuristic algorithm to identify the critical slip surface with the lowest factor of safety (FoScrit). The implementation enables independent evaluation of upstream and downstream slopes, which is not achievable using classical strength reduction techniques. The method was verified on homogeneous and heterogeneous slopes and applied to the stability assessment of a newly designed embankment dam under hydrostatic and steady-state seepage conditions. The algorithm allows analysis of mesh sensitivity, non-associated plastic flow effects (including Davis approach), and optimization parameter influence (nit/np ratio).