Geometric Interior of Black Holes: Singularity Resolution via 4th-Generation Particle Quantization and Non-Equilibrium Crystalline Cores

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Authors: takashi ueda
Cited by: 0

Abstract

This paper presents a definitive resolution to the black hole sin- gularity problem by introducing a phase-transition model based on the non-equilibrium unified theory. We demonstrate that the interior of a black hole is not a mathematical singularity but a “Crystalline Core” composed of 4th-generation independent particles (m4 ≈ 10 TeV). These particles exhibit extreme magnetic moments and non- equilibrium repulsive forces that halt gravitational collapse at the mini- mal surface distance √ 3lp. We derive a universal geometric equilibrium constant h/f = 1+√ 2 ≈ 2.414, defining the lattice pitch of the internal structure. Furthermore, we propose that black hole mass is quantized as M = n · m4, and conclude that while the 4th generation forms the final stable state of baryonic matter, a 5th generation is geometrically forbidden by spatial field collapse.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Black Holes and Theoretical Physics Relativity and Gravitational Theory Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
23 February 2026
Language
EN
Document type
Preprint