Equilibrium–Reaction Theory of Space: A Unified Interpretation of Fields, Waves, and Matter

This paper presents a conceptual framework in which space is treated as a system with a natural equilibrium state. Electric field is interpreted as a non-equilibrium state of space created by charge separation; magnetic field is interpreted as the circular reaction of space to moving electric disturbance; and gravitational field is interpreted as space’s reaction to mass-induced equilibrium disturbance. Electromagnetic waves (light) are interpreted as self-propagating equilibrium reactions within space. Within this framework, the constancy of the speed of light is attributed to the propagation being governed by space’s intrinsic equilibrium-reaction mechanism rather than by the motion of the source.