Universal Tame Semistability of Goldbach–Frey Jacobians: A Proof of f_r = 2 at All Odd Primes

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Authors: Ruqing Chen
Cited by: 0

Abstract

We prove that for the Goldbach–Frey curve C: y² = x(x² − p²)(x² − q²) with p ≠ q distinct odd primes and p + q = 2N, the conductor exponent of Jac(C) at every bad odd prime r equals exactly 2. The proof classifies bad odd primes into four mutually exclusive cases determined by root collision patterns modulo r, and shows that in each case the identity component of the Néron model's special fibre satisfies 2a + t = 2. Two geometrically distinct mechanisms conspire to produce the same conductor exponent: a single A₂ cusp yielding (a,t,u) = (1,0,1), or two A₁ nodes yielding (a,t,u) = (0,2,0). This establishes the exact odd conductor formula Cond_odd(Jac(C)) = [rad_odd(p·q·N·(p−q))]² and completes the theoretical foundation of the Band Shifting Law.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory Advanced Algebra and Geometry Analytic Number Theory Research

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
24 February 2026
Language
EN
Document type
Preprint