Staphylus (Capilla) caribbea

Staphylus (Capilla) caribbea (Williams & Bell, 1940) Figures 1, 2 G – J, 3 G – J, 10 B, 11 Pholisora caribbea Williams & Bell, 1940. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 66: 129, fig. 9 (male gen.); holotype male, Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone, Panama; AMNH. – Williams & Hayward, 1944. Acta zool. Lill. 2: 162. Staphylus caribbea; Evans, 1953. Cat. Amer. Hesp. 3, p. 87, pl. 37 (male gen.). – DeVries, 1983, in Janzen. Costa Rican Nat. Hist., p. 676. – Bridges, 1983. Lep. Hesp. 1, p. 22; 2, p. 34. – Bridges, 1988. Cat. Hesp. 1, p. 34; 2, p. 57. – Bridges, 1994. Cat. Fam. - Group, Gen. - Group, Sp. Group Nam. Hesp. (Lep.) World 8, p. 41; 9, p. 64. – O. Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 55, in Lamas (ed.). Checklist: Part 4 A, Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5 A. – O. Mielke, 2005. Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 3, p. 722. – Anderson, 2007. Bull. Allyn Mus. 146: 8. – Janzen et al., 2011. PLoS ONE 6 (8) (e 19874): suppl. fig. S 1, table SS 1, table SS 2. – Garwood & Lehman, 2013. Butt. C. Amer. 3, Hesp., p. 106, fig. (d). – Erenler; Gillman & Téllez, 2013. Rev. Nica. Ent. 75: 7. – Bauder; Warren & Krenn, 2014. Jour. Res. Lep. 47: 68. – Gauthier & Maes, 2018. Rev. Nica. Ent. 142: 84, fig. (d, v); hostplant. Sambhu & Nankishore, 2018. Zootaxa 4371 (1): 50. – Gauthier & Maes, 2019. Rev. Nica. Ent. 143: 66, fig. (d, v); hostplant. – Henao-Bañol & Gantiva-Q., 2020. Bol. Cient. Mus. Hist. Nat. 24 (1): 173 (Anexo 1). – Garwood et al., 2021. Marip. de Colombia 1, p. 35. (no genus) caribbea; Beattie, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 105. Taxonomic history. Williams and Bell (1940) described Pholisora caribbea. Evans (1953) cited it as Staphylus caribbea for the first time, being followed by other authors that mentioned this species in taxonomic comments, faunistic studies and catalogues. Type. Pholisora caribbea Williams & Bell, 1940 was described based on the male holotype from Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone, Panama, deposited in AMNH, with the following labels: / Panama XI- 16. ’ 30 / Barro Colorado Canal Zone / Collection E. I. Huntington / G 988 / Pholisora caribbea Williams + Bell Holotype ♂ / Holotype /. Diagnosis. Staphylus (C.) caribbea has a brown VHW tornal area (Fig. 2 G – J) and unique male genitalia (Fig. 33), with the uncus in dorsal view resembling a guitar. The female genitalia (Fig. 47 B) are unique due to the proximal margin of lamella antevaginalis as two rounded lobes. Male description. Fig. 2 G, H. Head: Brown with some yellow scales dorsally; white ventrally. FW length: 1.1–1.3 cm. HW length: 0.8–1.0 cm. DFW: Dark brown. Three small faint white dots in the subapical area can be present or absent, the middle one slightly smaller. Fringe paler brown. VFW: Same white markings as on DFW. VHW: Lighter brown. Genitalia (Fig. 3 G – J): Uncus longer than wide, guitar-shaped in dorsal view, dorsally bearing a tuft of short hair-like scales. Fenestra developed. Valva: sacculus scalene triangle-shaped, bearing on its dorsal angle a dense set of small, thin and socketed spines; harpe rounded at distal margin, bearing a line of somewhat malleable spines at the distal margin, exceeding ampulla; ampulla broad, rounded at distal margin, bearing medium-sized thin setae at distal margin, ventral-proximal margin with a claw-like process, very pointed and with irregular margins. Aedeagus almost same length as valva, without denticles. Fultura superior bearing two dense clusters of small, thin spines laterally. Female description. Fig. 2 I, J. The females differ from the males in the following characters: FW length: 1.2–1.3 cm. HW length: 0.9–1.1 cm. Wings: Two extra dots can be present or absent in M 3 - CuA 1 and CuA 1 - CuA 2. Genitalia (Fig. 10 B): The lamella postvaginalis as a plate very excavated at the center of distal margin, bearing microtrichia, produced at the proximal part as tubular process that almost reaches the lamella antevaginalis. Absence of a membranous or at least less sclerotized area linking the lamellae postvaginalis and antevaginalis. The proximal margin of lamella antevaginalis around the ostium bursae as two rounded lobes, not fused. Distribution. Fig. 11. Nicaragua: Rivas (Gauthier and Maes 2018, 2019) and South Caribbean Autonomous Region (Anderson 2007; Erenler et al. 2013); Costa Rica: Alajuela, Cartago, Heredia, Limón, Puntarenas and San José; Panama: Canal Zone, Capira and Colón; Colombia: Cudinamarca and Tolima; Ecuador: Chimborazo (Williams and Bell 1940), Cotopaxi, Napo, Pichincha (Evans 1953) and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. Temporal distribution. Staphylus (C.) caribbea is recorded throughout the year. Etymology. Although not mentioned in the description, the epithet of Staphylus (C.) caribbea is clearly in reference to the type locality (Panama), which comprises part of the Caribbean region Remarks. Before this study, there was no illustration of the female genitalia of Staphylus (C.) caribbea in the literature. Examined material. COSTA RICA: No specific locality, 26. VII. 1968, 1 ♂, no collector, OM 36.078 * (OM). Alajuela – San Ramón, Bajo Rodriguez, 25. III. 1990, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Pagels leg., OM 26.476, OM 26.464 (OM); 1. IV. 1990, 1 ♂, Pagels leg., OM 26.140 * (OM); 1. XI. 1992. 1 ♂, no collector, OM 37.887 (OM). Upala, 18.3 Km S., 22. IX. 1987, 1 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). Cartago – No specific locality, Finca la Lola, 6–8. VII. 1965, 1 ♀, J. C. Downey leg., Allyn Museum Acc 1985-14, Genit. Vial No. SRS- 5630 * (MGCL). Turrialba, 15. VII. 1986, 1 ♀, no collector, OM 36.298 (OM). Heredia – Chilamate, Finca Selva Verde, 24. IX. 1986, 2 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). Puerto Viejo, Finca la Selva, 14. III. 1986, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL); 25. IX. 1986, 3 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5, Genit. Vial SRS- 2969 * (MGCL); Santa Clara, 3.8 Km N., 5. X. 1987, 1 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). Sarapiquí, La Selva, 50 m, 28. III. 1972, 2 ♂ Becker leg., DZ 46.206 *, DZ 46.217 (DZUP). Limón – No specific locality, Rio Victoria, 6. X. 1987, 1 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL); 12. IX. 1989, 1 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). Bananito Sur, 5.4 Km SW., 1. IX. 1987, 2 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). Herediana, between Herediana and Francia, Rio Herediana, road to Guapiles, 11. IX. 1986, 2 ♀, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). Road to Guapiles, 10. III. 1986, 2 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). Germania, 12. IX. 1986, 3 ♂, 1 ♀, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5, Genit. Vial SRS- 2965 *, MGCL 1112078 (MGCL); 15. IV. 1989, 1 ♀, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL); Road to Guapiles, 10. III. 1986, 2 ♂, 2 ♀, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5, Genit. Vial SRS- 2968 *, Genit. Vial SRS- 3012 * (MGCL). Guapiles, Rio Blanco, 11. III. 1986, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL); 12. IX. 1986, 1 ♀, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). La Bomba, 2. IX. 1987, 3 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5, Genit. Vial SRS- 2980 *, MGCL 1112082 (MGCL). Limón, Playa Bananito, 9. III. 1986, 2 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL); 13. IX. 1986, 1 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). Puerto Viejo de Talamanca, 13. IX. 1986, 2 ♂, 2 ♀, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5, Genit. Vial SRS- 3011 *, Genit. Vial SRS- 3017 * (MGCL); 11. IV. 1989, 1 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). Rio Blanco, 4. IX. 1987, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). Siquirres, 200 m, 27. I. 1973, Becker leg., DZ 46.207 * (DZUP); Freehold, 8. III. 1986, 2 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL); Perla de Siquirres, 4. IV. 1985, 3 ♂, Miguel leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5, Genit. Vial SRS- 2966 *, Genit. Vial SRS- 2967 * (MGCL). Puntarenas – Buenos Aires, 13. IX. 1987, 1 ♀, G. & A. Austin leg., Genit. Vial SRS- 3020 * (MGCL). La Unión, E of San Vito, 4. IV. 1989, 1 ♂, G. & A. Austin leg., G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL). San José – Colón, 5 Km S., 17. IX. 1987, 1 ♀, G. T. Austin colln. – MGCL Acc. 2004-5 (MGCL); 26. II. 1989, 1 ♂, no collector, OM 35.221 * (OM). — PANAMA: Canal Zone – Madden Forest, 8. IX. 1962, 1 ♀, G. B. Small leg., A. C. Allyn Acc. 1973-23 (MGCL). Farfan [Beach], 12. II. 1963, 1 ♂, S. S. Nicolay leg., A. C. Allyn Acc. 1973-23, MGCL 1112079 (MGCL). Capira – Campana, 12. I. 1968, 1 ♂, Small leg., DZ 45.595 * (DZUP). Colón – No specific locality, Frijoles, 20. VIII. 1977, 1 ♂, Robbins leg., DZ 45.181 * (DZUP). Soberanía National Park, Gamboa Pipeline Rd., 9.1272N, 79.7148W, 5. II. 2014, 1 ♂, W. H. Russell leg., MGCL Acc # 2015- 39 W. Russel, GEN. PREP. LEMES 2021-66 * (MGCL). — COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca – La Mesa, 1.600 m, 17. XII. 2014, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, O. Mielke, Callaghan & Henao leg., DZ 45.516, DZ 45.586 *, DZ 45.576 (DZUP). Tolima – No specific locality, Rio Chili, 900–1000 m, 7. XII. 1975, 1 ♀, L. M. Steinhauser leg., A. C. Allyn Acc. 1976-3, Genitalia Slide SRS- 125 * (MGCL); 700–800 m, 21. II. 1976, 1 ♀, S. & L. Steinhauser leg., A. C. Allyn Acc. 1976-3, Genit. Vial SRS- 2018 * (MGCL). — ECUADOR: Cotopaxi – San Francisco de los Pampas, 1.600 m, 18–19. VII. 1987, 3 ♂, O. Mielke leg., OM 15.528, OM 15.529, OM 15.668 * (OM). Napo – Cotundo, IV. 1979, Lafebre leg., DZ 45.166 * (DZUP). Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas – La Unión del Toachi, 850 m, 18–19. VII. 1987, 13 ♂, 1 ♀, OM 15.267 *, OM 15.676 *, OM 15.695, OM 15.696, OM 15.697, OM 15.699, OM 16.068, OM 16.