ACTIVATION OF THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF HYPERTENSION IN OBESITY

Obesity is closely associated with the development of arterial hypertension, and activation of the sympathetic nervous system is a key mechanism in this process. Sympathetic overactivity increases cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, and renal sodium retention, contributing to sustained elevation of blood pressure. Insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation further amplify these effects. Understanding the role of sympathetic nervous system activation in obesity-related hypertension is essential for early diagnosis, prevention, and development of effective therapeutic strategies. Comprehensive management, including lifestyle modification and pharmacological intervention, can improve outcomes and reduce cardiovascular risk.