Hydrogeochemical Assessment and Quality Management of Groundwater in Aizawl District, Mizoram: Implications for Sustainable Utilization in a Sub-Tropical Climate

An all-encompassing strategy founded in hydrogeochemistry was chosen to establish the quality-oriented utilisation of water in the study area of Aizawl District in the northern part of Mizoram. The study areas fall in a sub-tropical climate which shows that it receives a high amount of rainfall in a year. Aizawl district falls under the Surma group of sedimentary terrain represented by sandstones, siltstones, and shales. The samples were collected from 60 locations across the study area for two seasons. The study area's groundwater is neutral to alkaline, with higher pH concentrations during PRM and lower in POM. Most samples fall within WHO's permissible drinking water quality limits, except for HCO3- and K+, which exceed during PRM. The water is mostly suitable for drinking and domestic use, with HCO3 + Cl dominating anions and Ca+Mg dominating cations. The majority of samples fall in C1S1, indicating low salinity and sodium hazards. The water is good to moderate for irrigation purposes, with Gibbs boomerang indicating the weathering dominant zone. Modified Piper diagrams show high Ca+Mg and SO4 + Cl fields, with little gypsum contamination. The overall water quality meets WHO standards for drinking and domestic use and is suitable for irrigation purposes.