GEOLOGY-BASED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE MINING PRACTICES

Geological characterization is essential for environmental management in mining operations, since it illustrates how rock type, structural features, and mineral composition influence mining impacts and risks. Differences in lithology and ore body geometry dictate excavation methods and the extent of land disturbance. Structural geology influences slope stability, fault-determined fluid conduits, and ground control techniques. Hydrogeological considerations govern groundwater flow, the necessity for water extraction, and the movement of contaminants. The presence of sulfide-bearing minerals increases the likelihood of acid mine drainage and metal leaching. The geotechnical characteristics of the host rocks influence the stability of landfills and the construction of tailings dams. The mineral composition of a substance influences its dust production and associated hazards. Comprehensive geological mapping facilitates waste segregation and optimal mine planning. Incorporating geological models into environmental impact assessments enhances their precision. Predictive geochemical modeling assists in selecting optimal strategies to mitigate damage. Early assessment of geological risk mitigates long-term environmental liabilities.