System of Organization and Delivery of Medical Care in Autonomous Trekking Expeditions: An Integrative Model from the Perspectives of Wilderness and Expedition Medicine

The article analyzes the system of organization and delivery of medical care in autonomous trekking expeditions from the perspectives of wilderness and expedition medicine. Medical support is conceptualized as a multi-level dynamic risk management system operating in resource-limited and remote environments. The paper outlines principles of pre-expedition planning, preventive strategies, participant medical training, and development of medical kits adapted to route complexity. Common medical conditions in autonomous settings are examined, including trauma, heat-related disorders, hypothermia, altitude illness, and psychological impairment. Special attention is given to field management algorithms, evacuation decision-making, and the leadership role in ensuring group medical safety. A cyclical model of expedition medical support integrating planning, monitoring, treatment, and reassessment is proposed. The article emphasizes the importance of clinical reasoning, interdisciplinary coordination, and expedition leadership in reducing medical risks. The work has a narrative and conceptual character and aims to establish a systemic approach to safety in autonomous expeditions. Keywords: trekking expedition, medical support, first aid, wilderness medicine, expedition medicine