THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURE OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND THE PROCESS OF GAS EXCHANGE

The respiratory system is responsible for supplying oxygen to the body and removing carbon dioxide, a metabolic waste product. This article examines the anatomical structure of the respiratory organs and explains the physiological mechanism of gas exchange. The study is based on a qualitative review of anatomical and physiological literature. The findings show that the structural organization of the respiratory tract, particularly the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries, ensures efficient diffusion of gases. Understanding respiratory anatomy is essential for explaining normal breathing mechanisms and respiratory disorders.