Sunspot Number (SSN) — Solar Harmonic Analysis (1841–2013)
Abstract
This is not a raw sunspot archive. The International Sunspot Number (ISN v2.0, 1841–2013) has been processed through the BSE analytical pipeline: detrended using an 11-year centered moving average, normalized to z-scores, and annotated with BSE phase assignments and vibration metrics across 172 years. The processed dataset enables direct comparison with other BSE receptor datasets (Be-10, temperature, carbon, GDP) on a common normalized scale. Phase alignment confirms 93.8% (15/16 windows) — the expected result for the primary solar engine rather than a downstream receptor. Near-zero annual T(t) correlation (r = +0.036) is the correct and predicted outcome. Part of the Bicameral Solar Engine multi-proxy project. Full methodology in the master paper. This dataset and associated work are licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. The material may be shared with proper attribution but may not be modified, adapted, or used for commercial purposes. If you intend to use this dataset in research, analysis, or publication, you are expected to cite the original source and are strongly encouraged to contact the author prior to use. Contact:: nkhanworkbox@gmail.com | ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0093-521X
Fields of Study & Subjects
Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
Tree-ring climate responses
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 27 February 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Dataset