Super-Eddington Feedback at Kiloparsec Scales: MUSE View of HE 0054-2239
Abstract
Super-Eddington accretion is a key mechanism for the rapid growth of SMBHs in the early Universe, yet its signatures and impact on host galaxies remain poorly constrained. Local analogs such as Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLSy1s), accreting at or above the Eddington limit, offer a unique opportunity to investigate feedback in this regime with high spatial and spectral resolution. We present VLT/MUSE observations of the nearby super-Eddington NLSy1 HE 0054-2239 (Ton S180), part of a survey of high-?Edd AGN aimed at resolving galactic-scale ionized outflows. The unresolved nuclear emission outshines the host by up to three orders of magnitude in the optical, posing a major challenge for detecting faint extended features. We developed a tailored PSF-subtraction and spectral decomposition technique to recover residual narrow-line emission. This reveals a fast, unresolved [O III] outflow in the nucleus and marginal, compact evidence for an extended ionized component. This may indicate a recent outflow onset or confinement within the nuclear region. We also find kinematic asymmetries in the host consistent with a possible inflow of ionized gas, raising questions about the feeding–feedback balance. These results highlight the need for multi-wavelength observations to assess the role of super-Eddington feedback in black hole–galaxy co-evolution.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Galaxies: Formation
Evolution
Phenomena
Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 27 February 2026
- Language
- EN