Integrating Yoga-Based Stress Management Practices into Physical and Health Education: A Curriculum Innovation Study in Sierra Leone

Background: Addressing student stress and mental health concerns is emerging as a focus area, including in Sierra Leone. While PHE (Physical Health Education) courses have concentrated on fitness and sports, this investigation aimed to introduce yoga as a tool for emotional stress relief and to support mental health. Methodology: This investigation utilized a convergent mixed-methods design in 12 secondary schools. It included a quantitative assessment of stress using the PSS-10 pre and post intervention: 180 students were surveyed pre and post intervention. Subsequently, there were qualitative interviews and focus group discussions with teachers, principals, and curriculum developers. The intervention comprised a 12-week yoga program that included asanas, breathing techniques, and mindfulness. This yoga curriculum was taught during PHE classes by certified yoga instructors and trained PHE teachers. Results: The intervention produced a positive change in the quantitative data, demonstrating a significant reduction in stress scores. Students’ perceived stress post intervention (M=22.8 to M=17.6, p