THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN HEART AND ITS ROLE IN THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

The human heart is a central organ of the cardiovascular system responsible for maintaining continuous blood circulation throughout the body. This article examines the anatomical structure of the heart and its functional role in systemic and pulmonary circulation. The study is based on a qualitative analysis of anatomical literature and scientific sources. The structural components of the heart, including its four chambers, valves, muscular layers, and major blood vessels, are described in relation to their physiological functions. The findings demonstrate that the specialized anatomical organization of the heart ensures efficient oxygen delivery, nutrient transport, and waste removal. Understanding cardiac anatomy is essential for explaining normal circulatory mechanisms and identifying potential pathological conditions.