Motion of liposomes in a ferrocyanide solution near an electrode polarized at +0.7 V

Bright spots are DMPC liposomes with a diameter of 0.4 µm suspended in a solution of 0.5 M potassium ferrocyanide and 0.1 M phosphate buffer. A disk working electrode, made of a platinum wire (10 µm diameter) in a glass sheath, is added at the top of this solution. The glass is not visible but the metal wire reflects the light and overexposes the sensor of the camera. The counter electrode (used as a pseudo-reference electrode) is a platinum wire wrapped around the glass sheath of the working electrode.The video shows the motion of liposomes when the potential of the electrode is switched from the open circuit potential to +0.7 V vs pseudo-ref, and then switched back to open circuit potential.The video has been sped up 10 times.