SURGICAL MANAGEMENT IN CHRONIC NONSPECIFIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis is a severe inflammatory bowel disease characterized by continuous inflammation of the colon mucosa, leading to significant morbidity and reduced quality of life. Surgical intervention plays a critical role in cases where medical therapy fails or complications develop. The purpose of this study is to analyze the indications, methods, and outcomes of surgical management in patients with chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis. The study is based on a comprehensive review of clinical guidelines, surgical protocols, and scientific literature. The findings indicate that surgery is necessary in patients with severe complications such as perforation, toxic megacolon, uncontrolled bleeding, and colorectal cancer risk. The most commonly used surgical procedures include total proctocolectomy, ileal pouch anal anastomosis, and subtotal colectomy. Surgical treatment improves patient survival, eliminates diseased tissue, and prevents life threatening complications. The results demonstrate that early surgical intervention in appropriate cases significantly improves clinical outcomes and quality of life. The study concludes that surgical management remains an essential component in the treatment of chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis, especially in severe and complicated cases.