Epidemiological Determinants of Incomplete Vaccination Among Children Under Five Years Old in Secondary Healthcare Facilities of Bahawalnagar, Pakistan

Current study is aimed to assess the epidemiological determinants of incomplete vaccination among under five children in secondary healthcare facilities Bahawalnagar, Pakistan. We collected data using structured survey questionnaires, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions among 300 children. The results showed 49% of children were fully vaccinated, 37% partially vaccinated and 14%- unvaccinated. Maternal education, maternal age, distance to healthcare facilities and family income were major factors affecting the level of immunization coverage. Maternal education, maternal age, family income and distance to health facility was found significantly associated with full immunization. Significant enablers like ‘impulse’, and barriers such as lack of awareness, logistical challenges and socio-cultural factors were also revealed influencing vaccinations. The findings in the study reinforce just how important it is to have focused strategies such as community engagement, healthcare worker training and improved immunization service deliveries will be forever beneficial to having higher vaccination rates and subsequently lower childhood diseases in this region.