Design and Implementation of an IoT-Enabled Real-Time Flood Detection and Warning System Using Ultrasonic Sensing

Floods are among the most common and devastating natural disasters. The growing number of flood-related fatalities and financial losses worldwide each year requires a more effective response to flood threats. Interestingly, over the past decade, numerous research efforts have examined how Internet-of-Things (IoT) network camera images and wireless sensor data can enhance flood control. This research includes a thorough literature evaluation of IoT-based sensors and computer vision applications for flood surveillance and mapping. This study highlights the principal computer vision algorithms and IoT sensor methods for monitoring floods, flood modelling, mapping, and early warning systems in the literature, including water-level estimates. The report also provides suggestions for further study. The research specifically offers strategies to better control and maintain coastal lagoons via the use of computer vision and IoT sensor approaches – an area not being examined in the literature.