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Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the result of Transarterial Oily Chemo Embolization (TOCE) in treatment of primary hepatocellulo carcinoma in older patients at Thong Nhat hospital, from April 2005 to May 2009. Materials and methods: We studied 66 older patients with primary hepatocellulo carcinoma, 34 patients was treated by TOCE and 32 patients was not treated by TOCE. Methods: Prospective, descriptive, longitudinal cross-sectional study. Results: 66 older patients included this study: 57of them were male, 9 of them were female, and their mean age was 68.8 ± 6.07 years (60-80). In there, 34 patients was treated by TOCE and 32 patients was not treated by TOCE. There was no signigficant difference (p > 0.05) between these two groups at age, gender, Child-Pugh, clinical and paraclinical characteristics and viral hepatitis. The most common cause of primary hepatocellulo carcinoma in older patients is: 75.8% hepatitis B virus (HBV), 16.7% hepatitis C virus (HCV) and 7.6% other. The session of TOCE for 1 time: 29.4%, 2 times: 41.2%, 3 times: 17.6%, 4 times: 11.8%. The mean tumor size before TOCE is 5.9 ± 2,51cm and after TOCE 4.85 ± 2.04 cm (p < 0.05). The mean of survival time was 18.65 ± 4.79 months with TOCE and 12.81 ± 3.15 months without TOCE (p < 0.05). The mean of relapse time with TOCE was 10.62 ± 2.46 months. Correlation: a significant (p < 0.05) reverse correlated with the mean of survival time and the mean of relapse time to AFP. Complications (symptoms) after the first week treating by TOCE: the most frequent symptoms of TOCE are nausea (32.4%), vomiting (20.6%), pain and /or discomfort on the right side of the abdomen (11.8%), fever (35.3%). Conclusion: The mean tumor size was significantly smaller and survival time was significantly longer in the older patients with primary Hepatocellulo Carcinoma that was treated by TOCE. Key words: Primary Hepatocellulose Carcinoma, TOCE.