A REVIEW ON PCM-BASED HYBRID BTMS FOR LI-ION BATTERY: STRATEGIES FOR THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY ENHANCEMENT AND STRUCTURAL ENHANCEMENT

Effective thermal management is crucial for the safety, performance, and longevity of lithium-ion batteries operating under high power and energy density conditions. Though phase change material (PCM)-based battery thermal management systems (BTMS) offer passive temperature regulation through latent heat absorption, PCM’s low thermal conductivity limits heat dissipation under severe operating conditions. Current review widely investigates and systematically summarizes recent advances in PCM-based hybrid BTMS for lithium-ion batteries, with particular emphasis on strategies for thermal conductivity enhancers and structural enhancement strategies. Thermally conductive filler-enhanced PCM composites, metal foam and fin-assisted structures, heat pipeassisted systems, and hybrid PCM configurations combined with air or liquid cooling are critically overviewed and summarized highlighting design synergies and limitations. Additionally, current challenges related to PCM leakage, electrical insulation, weight penalties, and structural complexities are identified. The review concludes by outlining future perspectives to adopt a more integrated approach that encompasses these considerations.