Fundamental Constants

Modern physics rests on approximately 19 free parameters—particle masses, coupling constants, and mixing angles—whose numerical values are determined experimentally but lack theoretical explanation. The Ontological Fundamental Network (OFN) offers a radical alternative: constants are not free parameters but geometric invariants emerging from the structure of a static 4-dimensional spinor network Ω. From a minimal set of topological principles—vertex degree k=4, the golden ratio ϕ=(sqrt5−1)/2, and the reading process parameters—we derive: The fine-structure constant α and proton complexity κp=1/(3α^2)≈6256 Particle mass ratios: mp/me≈1836, mn/mp≈1.0014 The 1-second invariant t1=1 s from proton geometry Dark energy density ρvac/ρPlanck=ϕ/64≈0.0253, matching observations within 3% CMB temperature CMB=ℏH0/(2πkB)≈2.725 K Magnetic constant μ0=4π×10^−7 H/m Boltzmann's constant kB as a scaling factor between energy and temperature All derived values match observational constraints within experimental precision. The number 6 emerges as a unifying thread—as carbon's atomic number, the coherence limit of entangled electrons, and the factor 6^3=216 in the definition of the second. The constants are not "constants" in the traditional sense; they are necessary consequences of network geometry, resolving the fine-tuning problem and offering a unified geometric foundation for physics.