Risk Analysis of Information Security Violations and Vulnerabilities in Information Processing Systems: Grover's Algorithm

Abstract In computer science, the Church–Turing thesis has long defined the conceptual boundary of classical computation, asserting that any effectively computable function can be executed by a universal Turing machine. While quantum computing does not invalidate this thesis in terms of computability, it challenges classical assumptions regarding computational efficiency and complexity. With the emergence of quantum computation, the circuit model — built upon logical primitives such as NOT and AND in classical systems — finds its quantum counterpart in reversible and unitary gate structures. Within this framework, Grover’s algorithm represents a fundamental advancement: a quantum algorithm capable of solving unstructured search problems with quadratic speedup compared to classical approaches. This work analyzes the implications of Grover’s algorithm for information security risk assessment, particularly in the context of brute-force attacks and search-based cryptanalysis.