Clinicopathological Spectrum of Sino-Nasal Tumors: A Five-Year Retrospective Study from A Tertiary Care Center in Rajasthan

Background: Sinonasal tumors are rare neoplasms characterized by wide histopathological heterogeneity and aggressive clinical behavior. Their deep anatomical location and nonspecific presenting symptoms often lead to delayed diagnosis and advanced disease at presentation. Objective: To evaluate the clinicopathological spectrum of sinonasal tumors diagnosed at a tertiary care center in Rajasthan over a five-year period. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included all sinonasal tumor specimens received in the Department of Pathology from January 2021 to December 2025. Clinical data were retrieved from medical records. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were processed routinely and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Non-neoplastic lesions were excluded. Results: A total of 142 sinonasal tumors were analyzed. Patient age ranged from 12 to 78 years with a mean age of 46.3 years. Male predominance was observed (M:F = 1.8:1). Benign tumors constituted 58.5% (n=83), while malignant tumors comprised 41.5% (n=59). Inverted papilloma was the most common benign tumor (34.9%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent malignant tumor (45.8%). Nasal obstruction (78%) and epistaxis (52%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Conclusion: Sinonasal tumors demonstrate diverse histopathological patterns. Early recognition and histopathological evaluation remain the cornerstone for appropriate diagnosis and management.