Studying the Role of Magic Numbers and Nucleon Shells in Nuclear Structure

This article examines the role of magic numbers and nucleon shells in the formation of nuclear structure.Based on the nuclear shell model, the stability of nuclei with closed nucleon shells corresponding to the magic numbersof protons and neutrons is analyzed. It is demonstrated that the presence of completely filled shells leads to enhancednuclear stability, which is manifested in binding-energy anomalies, even-spin characteristics, and a reduced probabilityof nuclear decay.