FORMATION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF LEARNERS

The formation of foreign language communicative competence represents one of the central objectives of contemporary language education. In the context of globalisation, intercultural interaction, academic mobility, and digital communication, the ability to use a foreign language effectively and appropriately has become a fundamental educational outcome. This article explores the theoretical foundations, structural components, pedagogical approaches, and practical strategies involved in the development of communicative competence in foreign language learners. Drawing upon the works of leading scholars such as Noam Chomsky, Dell Hymes, Michael Canale, and Merrill Swain, the article analyses the evolution of the concept from linguistic competence to communicative competence and its expanded interpretations. Special attention is paid to the components of communicative competence: linguistic, sociolinguistic, pragmatic, discourse, and strategic competences. The paper also discusses communicative language teaching, task-based learning, technology-enhanced instruction, and formative assessment as key tools for effective competence development. Practical classroom examples are provided to illustrate how theoretical principles can be translated into pedagogical practice. The study concludes that communicative competence formation requires systematic, learner-centred, culturally aware, and context-sensitive instruction.