EXTRACTION AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF HIBISCUS AS AN ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT

Pomegranate peel extract is packed with powerful antibacterial properties, thanks to its impressive array of bioactive phytochemicals. These include tannins, ellagitannins, punicalagin, ellagic acid, gallic acid, and flavonoids. Interestingly, the peel boasts a higher concentration of phenolic compounds than the pulp and juice, which enhances its antimicrobial strength. These compounds work by breaking down bacterial cell walls, changing membrane permeability, blocking crucial enzymes, and disrupting protein synthesis, ultimately leading to the death of bacterial cells. This antibacterial action has been noted against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, positioning it as a promising natural substitute for synthetic antibiotics. The high levels of tannins contribute to the peel's astringent quality and its ability to precipitate microbial proteins. Because of these remarkable traits, pomegranate peel extract is a hot topic in pharmacological research, including studies on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Its robust antimicrobial and antioxidant properties make it a valuable asset in the fields of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and food preservation.