Unification of Fundamental Forces and Cosmological Scaling via the Principle of Spatial Symmetry Maintenance

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Authors: takashi ueda
Cited by: 0

Abstract

We propose a novel Non-Equilibrium Unified Equation that describes the four fundamental inter- actions as a single restorative process of spatial symmetry. The core principle posits that any spatial distortion caused by energy must maintain point symmetry to remain in equilibrium. ”Force” is redefined as a manifestation of the displacement of the energy center-of-axis, occurring when this symmetry is broken by wave attenuation. By fixing only two parameters—gravity on Earth (a) and hydrogen-scale electromagnetism (b)—the equation accurately predicts the characteristic scales of gravity (1011 m), electromagnetism (10−11 m), the strong force (10−15 m), and the weak force (10−18 m). Furthermore, substituting Planck-scale quantities into the dimensionless parameter D yields the holographic scaling D ∼ (R/lp) 2 ∼ 10122, offering a natural solution to the cosmological constant problem.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Relativity and Gravitational Theory Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
6 March 2026
Language
EN
Document type
Preprint