Tricentrus obesus Funkhouser 1942

3.5. 7.Tricentrus obesusFunkhouser, 1942 Tricentrus obesus Funkhouser, 1942: 61. Tricentrus aleuritis Chou, 1975: 426; Yuan, 1987: 152; Yuan & Chou, 2002: 438. Syn. nov. Diagnosis. Suprahumeral horns base thick and sturdy, elongate sideways and upwards; absence or presence in male (Fig. S 23 A – E 3, a – e 3). Forewing smoke-yellow, bearing four alternating transverse bands: two transparent (basal and medial) alternating with two light brown bands, brown at distal end; venation concolorous except veins most of the R 2 + 3, R 4 + 5, and r-m, m-cu; male base transparent; male with wing base transparent and veins more deeply pigmented. (Fig. S 23 A 4 – E 4). Aedeagus uncinate in lateral view, dorsal margin bearing three paired spinose processes located in the medial, subapical, apical areas respectively; gonopore slender-elliptical, occupying half of the aedeagus (Fig. S 23 a 5–6 – e 5 – e 6 and Fig. S 24 E, F). Redescription. Measurements: Body length: males (n = 16): 6.2–6.4 mm, females (n = 16): 7.2–7.8 mm; forewing length: males (n = 16): 5.4–5.6 mm, females (n = 16): 6.4–6.5 mm; width between humeral angles apices: males (n = 16): 3.1–3.4 mm, females (n = 16): 3.7–4.0 mm; width between suprahumeral horns apices: males (n = 16): 2.8–4.5 mm, females (n = 16): 4.5–5.0 mm. — Coloration: Both sexes body black, brown, or dark brown (Fig. S 23 A 1 – E 1, a 1 – e 1). Eyes yellowish brown with brown scattered patches, ocelli orange-brown (Fig. S 22 A – C and Fig. S 22 A 1 – E 1, a 1 – e 1). Legs coxae, trochanter, femur, claw black; tibia, tarsus yellow brown (Fig. S 23 A 2 – E 2, a 2 – e 2). — Head: Vertex with dorsal margins convex, slight depression in the center. Ocelli slightly closer to inner margins of eyes than to each other. Frontoclypeal margins expanding gradually towards apex and frontoclypeal lobes distinct, slightly above vertex, ventral margins reaching to the middle of frontoclypeus (Fig. S 23 A 3 – E 3, a 3 – e 3). — Thorax: Posterior pronotal process gabled, weak depression on the base, apex dorsal margins slightly deflexed ventrad (Fig. S 23 A 3 – E 3, a 3 – e 3). — Male genitalia: Pygofer narrow rectangular in lateral view, suffer with distinct lateral carina (Fig. S 24 A, B, D). Sternite IX with slightly concave ventral margin in ventral view (Fig. S 24 B). Lateral plate scalene triangle, right portion weakly depressed, margins setose (Fig. S 24 G). Basal three-quarters of subgenital plate fused (Fig. S 24 B). Style clasp angled dorsally; style shank arc, apex laterally recurved and margin exhibits a truncate configuration, inner surface with setae; connective n-shaped (Fig. S 23 a 7 – e 7 and Fig. S 24 C). — Female genitalia: Pygofer with obvious angulate base and weakly tubular distal portion in lateral view; surface densely setose throughout (Fig. S 25 A, B). Sternite VII with posterior margin deeply concave, accounting for nearly all of the width (Fig. S 25 C). First valvulae knife-shaped, exhibiting weak curvature; dorsal margin depressed, with fine longitudinal striae on nearly half and terminating in an acuminate apex (Fig. S 25 D). Second valvulae similar in shape to the first valvulae, dorsal margin of the posterior third bearing contiguous denticles (Fig. S 25 E). Third valvulae (gonoplac) broadly rounded distally (Fig. S 25 F). Material examined. CHINA • 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀; Guangxi Prov., Guilin City, Lingui District, Wantian Town (25°36'43.989"N, 109°57'39.131"E), 1600 m; 4 July 2023; Yongjin Sui, Feng-E Li leg. CHINA • 2 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀; Guangdong Prov., Ruyuan City, Shixing County, Luoba Town (24°50'36.230"N, 114°13'3.440"E), 261 m; 14 June 2023; Shasha Lv, Feng-E Li leg. CHINA • 11 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀; Fujian Prov., Jianou City, Fangdao Town (27°3'8.587"N, 118°9'27.080"E); 21 May 2012; Jian-Kun Long leg. CHINA • 1 ♂ 1 ♀; Guizhou Prov., Tongren City, Dejiang County, Fuxing Town (28°6'30.640"N, 107°54'3.797"E); 7 June 2021; Yin-Lin Mu leg. CHINA • 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀; Shandong Prov., Linyi City, Yinan County, Mamuchi Town (35°41'30.651"N, 118°16'50.623"E); 17 July 2020; Yong-Jin Sui leg. Distribution. China (Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi). Remarks. Specimens from four biogeographically distinct localities were examined, revealing all males completely lack suprahumeral horns. While sexual dimorphism has been documented in this genus Tricentrus, this discovery provides critical insights into evolutionary developmental pathways regulating sexual dimorphism. We have added the relevant morphological characters of the males and their mitochondrial genome sequences to make them correctly paired males. Examination of the type material (Fig. S 22) indicates that Tricentrus aleuritis Chou, 1975 is conspecific with T. obesus Funkhouser, 1942; the former is consequently placed as a junior synonym.