Unraveling the Confusion of Flowering Types and Terminology in Cannabis sativa

Academic confusion regarding *Cannabis sativa* flowering terminology and photoperiodic classification is resolved by introducing precise definitions for diverse reproductive structures. This perspective article differentiates female botanical pistillate flowering (day-neutral, single nodal flowers) from commercial pistillate flowering (obligate short-day, compound inflorescence), and further describes incomplete commercial flowering and floral reversion. Male flowering is categorized as botanical staminate flowering (obligate short-day, bell-shaped flowers) and antheral flowering (obligate short-day, isolated anthers), unifying previously conflicting photoperiodic classifications and providing clear language for future cannabis research.