The Role of Superpowers, Nuclear Deterrence, and AGI in Maintaining Global Balance

Abstract The international system has historically been shaped by the rise and fall of superpowers, the threat of nuclear conflict, and, increasingly, technological supremacy. This paper examines why superpowers use military power to manage rogue states, the mechanisms of nuclear deterrence that prevent global war, and how emerging Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) could operationalize principles of systemic balance to prevent human suffering and maintain geopolitical stability. By integrating historical examples, contemporary case studies, and theoretical frameworks, this paper demonstrates that the future of global security may hinge more on technological management and systemic balance than on traditional military dominance.