ASSESSMENT OF MOLECULAR GENETIC RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHOLELITHIASIS AND POSTOPERATIVE RECURRENCE IN OBESE PATIENTS

Cholelithiasis is one of the most common hepatobiliary diseases, particularly prevalent among obese patients. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to molecular genetic factors that influence the development of gallstone disease and its recurrence after surgical treatment. This thesis aims to assess molecular genetic risk factors associated with the development of cholelithiasis in obese patients and the recurrence of the disease in the postoperative period. The analysis highlights the role of genetic polymorphisms involved in cholesterol metabolism, bile acid synthesis, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Understanding these factors may improve risk stratification, personalized treatment strategies, and long-term prevention of postoperative cholelithiasis recurrence.