सामाजिक-व्यवहारस्य गणित-निरूपणम् Sāmājika-Vyavahārasya Gaṇita-Nirūpaṇam

Abstract This paper advances a precise and empirically grounded argument: the Dharmaśāstra tradition's concept of dharma and adharma, understood not as theological categories but as functional descriptors of collective behavioral health, constitutes the oldest known framework for civilizational distribution science. Drawing on the Human Behavioral State Distribution Theory (HBSDT) — a 24-month longitudinal study of 482 participants across five cultural groups (CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.04) [1] combined with historical civilizational analysis and contemporary big-data behavioral research — the paper demonstrates that the conditions the Dharmaśāstra tradition calls 'the rise of adharma' are identical to what HBSDT measures as collective Predatory-mode escalation beyond critical threshold (P-mode > 55%; T-mode < 15%). The correspondence is not metaphorical but mathematical. Five great civilisations are examined in historical sequence: Athens, Sparta, Rome, the Islamic Golden Age, and the Florentine Renaissance. Each confirms the model. Contemporary data — including analysis of 500 million social media interactions across 50 nations, elite behavioral distributions, and the HBSDT Social Cohesion Equation — is presented alongside the yuga-dharma model of the Purāṇas, the political theory of the Arthaśāstra, and an original Sanskrit verse apparatus in the Anuṣṭubh metre. The central argument is this: civilizational collapse is measurable before it occurs; the Dharmaśāstra tradition measured it qualitatively for millennia; we can now measure it quantitatively. This is not the reduction of dharma to statistics. It is the long-awaited reunion of two descriptions of the same reality.