ALLERGIC REACTIONS AND THEIR COMPLICATIONS

This article examines the causes of allergic reactions, the mechanisms of their development, their types, and their clinical effects on the human body. Allergy is an excessive sensitivity of the immune system to external or internal allergens. The article describes in detail the immunological basis of allergic reactions, IgE-related processes, and the role of mediators such as histamine, serotonin, and bradykinin. The pathogenesis of severe forms such as anaphylactic shock, Quincke’s edema, and bronchial asthma, as well as the clinical importance of their early diagnosis, are also discussed.