DETERMINANTS OF KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTIONS OF BURULI ULCER AMONG HOSPITAL STAFF AND COMMUNITY WORKERS IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT Background: Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, is a neglected tropical disease associated with disability and stigma. Adequate awareness among both health and non-health workers is vital for early recognition and reduction of misconceptions. The objective was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and predictors of Buruli ulcer awareness among personnel of Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 327 hospital staff recruited through random sampling. Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographics, knowledge of Buruli ulcer, and attitudinal responses. Knowledge was categorized as good or poor. Associations were analyzed with chi-square and regression models, with significance at p < 0.05. Participants’ mean age was 41.31 ± 10.50 years; most were female (52.9%) and held tertiary education (97.2%). Health workers comprised 85.3%, mainly nurses (38.2%). Overall, 58.1% demonstrated good knowledge. Among health workers, 59.1% had good knowledge, compared to only 20.8% of non-health workers. Specific knowledge showed that 72.8% identified M. ulcerans as the causative agent, 41.9% recognized culture as the diagnostic gold standard, and 74.2% knew the correct antibiotic regimen and duration. Attitudes varied: 30.9% expressed compassion and willingness to help, 26.3% compassion with avoidance, 30.6% indifference, and 12.2% fear of infection. Professional experience was not associated with knowledge. Predictors of good knowledge included medical discipline, being taught in school, and receiving refresher training. While health workers showed relatively good knowledge, non-health workers displayed significant gaps. Persistent misconceptions and stigma highlight the need for targeted education and stigma-reduction strategies in both groups.