PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WORK "Al-IRSHOD" (الإرشاد)

This article analyzes the philosophical foundations of Islamic theology within the context of Eastern philosophy and culture. The object of the study is the work “al-Irshad,” which represents a significant attempt to rationally justify Islamic creed through systematic argumentation. The article examines the methodological principles employed in presenting doctrinal issues, the logical structure of arguments, and the relationship between reason and revelation from a philosophical perspective. The study applies textual analysis, philosophical-analytical, logical-structural, and historical-contextual methods. The findings demonstrate that in “al-Irshad,” creed is not treated as mere inherited belief but as epistemologically grounded knowledge. Doctrinal issues are explained through concepts such as causality, necessary existence, and logical necessity. This approach positions kalam as an integral component of Eastern philosophical thought. The article also identifies the contribution of “al-Irshad” to Eastern intellectual culture and highlights the balanced interaction between rational reasoning and religious doctrine. The results confirm the close relationship between theology and philosophy in the development of Islamic intellectual tradition.