Python code for the numerical implementation of flat FLRW models of cosmic expansion with Planck 2018 cosmological parameters
Abstract
Python implementation of the numerical integration of the Friedmann equations for a spatially flat FLRW universe incorporating Planck 2018 cosmological parameters. The code uses a symplectic Euler scheme (semi-implicit Störmer–Verlet method) to integrate the scale factor a(t) for a universe composed of radiation, non-relativistic matter and dark energy with a parameterized equation of state p = wρ. Submitted as supplementary material for the manuscript "Numerical implementation of flat FLRW models of cosmic expansion with Planck 2018 cosmological parameters", European Journal of Physics, manuscript reference EJP-110040.
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 26 March 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Dataset